-z6尊龙app官方网站
��ࡱ�>�� ~�����}������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������ �r��pbjbj��2n�}�}�h
���������������������8/\���tl��������ttttttt$v��x89t������9t����4nt����*����t��t��������0��5��v��sdt0�t��x{:�x���2�x��pl��������9t9t�����t�������������������������������������������������������������������������x�����������: urban studies
volume 59, issue 16, december 2022
1. title: migrant-led diversification and differential inclusion in arrival cities across asia and the pacific
authors: junjia ye, brenda sa yeoh
abstract: the closely related processes of migration and diversification call for greater scrutiny of how contemporary arrival cities incorporate increasingly diverse groups of newcomers through practices and processes of differential inclusion. this special issue highlights arrival cities in the asia-pacific region, attending to how they are being transformed by the wide-ranging temporal and spatial dimensions of migrant-driven diversification. rather than begin with how coexistence in the context of diversification ought to be, the collection of papers included here builds inter-references through contexts that are, ultimately, non-universal. in so doing, this special issue responds to recent calls by social scientists to extend our frames of reference beyond the dominant centres of knowledge production in europe and north america in understanding the links between migration and urban diversity. the papers included here focus on arrival cities and urban places in hong kong, the philippines, singapore, malaysia, japan, australia and new zealand as an exercise in open-ended imagination, advancing the conversation on urban diversification in the age of global migration. we organise these forms of urban change and migration-driven differentiation along four key themes of temporalities, spatialities, intermediaries and norms that emerged from the collection of papers. using these four conceptual themes, modes of differential inclusion function as tools of discipline and governance at one level, and are mobilised to subvert and negotiate power relations at another. as refracted through these four axes of analysis, differential inclusion draws our attention to the multiscalar and multi-actor politics of diversification.
2. title: excess aspirations: migration and urban futures in post-earthquake christchurch
authors: francis l collins, wardlow friesen
abstract: migration and urbanisation are characterised by multiple temporalities: arrival, durations of migration, daily rhythms, migration regulation, aspirations for urban futures and the impacts of changing social, economic or environmental fortunes. in this paper, we address the temporalities of migration and urbanisation by focusing on the post-disaster context of christchurch, new zealand, which suffered destructive earthquakes in 2011 and 2012. while the immediate post-quake context was characterised by outward migration, rebuilding has occurred through the migration of thousands of workers and their families, particularly from asia, europe and the pacific. the presence of new migrants has led to unexpected migrant-driven diversification that has potential to reconfigure christchurch�s image as a city that privileges whiteness over indigenous and non-white settler identities. the migration of rebuild workers, however, also occurs in a national context of increasingly stratified migration management with few opportunities for migrants to settle long-term. drawing on interviews with stakeholders in central government, local organisations and migrants themselves we examine countervailing aspirations and responses that emerged within the earthquake rebuild: attempts by local organisations to reconfigure christchurch as a diverse future-oriented city, migrant aspirations and tactics for long-term settlement and family stability and national government efforts to contain aspirations for a diverse future-oriented city that exceed the intent of migration management. through this analysis our paper examines the discrepant temporalities of migration and urban futures involved in the rebuilding of post-quake christchurch, as well as the multiple forces that impinge on the very possibility of migrant-led diversification of cities.
3. title: bridging home and school in cross-border education: the role of intermediary spaces in the in/exclusion of mainland chinese students and their families in hong kong
authors: maggi wh leung , johanna l waters
abstract: over the last two decades the hong kong government has made considerable investments to develop the city into a regional education hub, with �diversification� as a key aim. the vision is, however, delinked from the tens of thousands of young children residing in shenzhen who commute to hong kong for school daily. these children embody differences that are considered undesired and their social exclusion has been widely reported. taking a spatial perspective, this paper deepens our understanding of the in/exclusion processes impacting these children. drawing on our policy analysis, interviews, observations in physical spaces and digital media, this paper analyses the role that intermediary spaces play in (re)producing differences and social relationships. specifically, we examine the power geometries of the children�s school journey and school-related digital space, which are arenas where social differences are played out and in/exclusion is practiced and negotiated. we analyse the network of state and non-state actors at work in these intermediary spaces, showing the complex ways in which separation and integration, exclusion and inclusion intersect and constitute each other mutually. our paper also gives some first insights into the impact of covid-19 on the school children within this education mobility field.
4. title: managing the non-integration of transient migrant workers: urban strategies of enclavisation and enclosure in singapore
authors: brenda sa yeoh, theodora lam
abstract: research on migration in arrival cities, particularly in the west, has traditionally focused on spatial formations such as �ethnic enclaves� or �immigrant neighbourhoods� in order to investigate questions around assimilation, integration and settlement issues relating to more permanent forms of migration. by shifting attention to the cities of migration in asia that operate largely under a regime of temporary migration, we foreground the twin concepts of enclavisation and enclosure not as fixed entities but as ongoing spatial-temporal strategies of disciplinary power with uneven consequences for migrant life and labour in the city. set within the context of singapore, we draw on qualitative interviews with two groups of transient migrant workers � male construction workers and female domestic workers � to examine two sets of conjoined processes underpinning their spatial containment in the city-state: ground-driven enclavisation or the formation of �weekend enclaves� /gathering grounds as co-national social spaces of support and comfort zones of co-ethnic belonging; and state-driven enclosure in dormitories or home-workspaces as a set of containment measures in response to gender-differentiated concerns about enclavisation. as spatial�temporal processes that shape the migrant�s place in, and mobility through, the city in highly gendered and disciplined ways, enclavisation and enclosure work in tandem to reinforce the non-integration of low-waged transient migrants in the city.
5. title: migrant worker recreational centres, accidental diversities and new relationalities in singapore
authors: daniel ps goh, andrew lee
abstract: how best to integrate migrant workers in host societies has been a longstanding question in the study of migration and globalisation. scholars have been conceptualising new modes of transnational mobilities that point to the politics of differential inclusion to address encounters between migrants and locals in asian global cities. this article uses an instructive case study of temporary, low-wage male migrant workers in singapore and the issue of their recreational spaces to show that the politics of inclusion/exclusion are layered onto the question of integration/segregation. we take integration to mean the incorporation of migrants into local society to give full access to social institutions of protection and care, and inclusion to refer to the acceptance of migrants into social relationships that define urban life. segregation and exclusion are their respective corollaries. we focus on state-provisioned recreation centres sited near the dormitories, which were expanded to function as segregating spaces to keep migrant workers away from the city after the little india riot in 2013. we show that they have instead become contact zones producing accidental diversities of urban encounters between migrants, locals and state-linked agents. we discuss how these contact zones have developed differently across the centres built before and after the riot, the transformation of the accidental diversities in the recreational centres by state-linked agents into a new migrant grassroots sector and the ongoing intensification of this during the covid-19 pandemic. the new relationalities offer the promise of transcending the layered binaries of integration/segregation and inclusion/exclusion.
6. title: digital media, friendships and migrants� entangled and non-linear inclusion and exclusion
authors: tabea bork-h�ffer
abstract: in this article, i shed light on the role of digital media and friendships in migrants� inclusion and exclusion. connecting the empirical findings of a qualitative, non-media centric, multi-method study to existing research in digital migration studies, digital media and friendship as well as the literature on inclusion and exclusion, i propose the concept of entangled inclusion and exclusion. this perspective underlines migrants� continuous (re-) negotiations of their situatedness in the (trans-)local spaces of the places they come from, move to and through. while playing diverse roles in migrants� development and maintenance of (trans-) local friendships, digital media contribute to non-linearities in migrants� subjective feelings of being included or excluded, making the processes involved more complex while also serving as material and symbolic signifiers of entangled inclusion and exclusion.
7. title: bodies of transnational island urbanism: spatial narratives of inclusion/exclusion of filipinas in philippine islands
authors: arnisson andre c ortega
abstract: tropical islands can become terrains of urbanisation worthy of examination. in the philippines, several islands have experienced urban transformation (capital accumulation, immigration, diversification, land conversion) through tourism. at the forefront of these urban transformations are filipinas, particularly those in interracial relationships with foreign men who invest in island properties and establish resorts. these resorts stimulate a transnationally-oriented mode of urban transformation reliant on the transnational mobilities of tourists, expats and capital. this paper examines this by foregrounding the experiences of filipinas, concentrating on how they are differentially included and excluded throughout the multi-scalar process of island urban accumulation. i locate these differential experiences in various spaces (nation, community, resort, households), noting in particular the (1) national discourses underlying state tourism and foreign retirement programmes, (2) transactions enabling property purchases and resorts, and (3) translocal mobilities sustaining urban accumulation. what emerge from these accounts are the selective inclusions and exclusions of filipinas in transnational urban accumulation in the islands. while their role in facilitating island urban accumulation may suggest a form of �empowered� inclusivity, this can easily be undercut by sexist micropolitics of exclusion that tend to reduce them to �mere women� and/or �prostitutes�. such differential practices of inclusion/exclusion demonstrate the gendered dynamics that unequally put a double burden on filipinas. unravelling these accounts demonstrates how gendered relations and sexuality are important forces underpinning urban transformation and transnational mobilities that constitute diversification.
8. title: transnational migrants and the socio-spatial superdiversification of the global city tokyo
authors: sakura yamamura
abstract: tokyo illustrates a particularly interesting case of differential inclusions of transnational migrants in urban spaces, as the novel turn in migration policy in coordination with urban economic development has induced the arrival and diversification of migrant populations into the city. with the recent historic opening of the country to lower-skilled labour migration as well as measures to (re-) attract the global economy, thus incentivising transnational corporate professionals to relocate to specific national economic zones within the city, tokyo is in a new socio-spatial diversification process. with a non-ethno-focal lens on transnational migration and focusing on upper-class transnational corporate migrants, this article discusses diversification regarding the newer arrivals of migrants who are differently included in the urban spaces as compared to older generations of migrants. it delivers novel accounts of a diversifying transnational migrant groups� socio-spatial patterns within tokyo, which illustrate the dynamics of differential inclusions resulting from the superdiversification of urban societies. the article gives new insights into the socio-spatial diversification dynamics of transnational urban spaces in a long-neglected but highly topical asian arrival city, and conceptually reflects such localised superdiversification of urban spaces on a global scale.
9. title: creating hospitable urban spaces: a multicultural city for refugees and asylum seekers
authors: ravinder sidhu, donata rossi-sackey
abstract: australia is one of a handful of countries offering permanent settlement to refugees. it also has some of the harshest border-controlling measures. drawing on derrida�s writing on hospitality, and related work on hospitality�s affective and spatial dimensions, we examine the micropolitics of hospitality towards forced migrants in an australian city (brisbane). our interest is in the affordances of affective hospitality to interrupt practices of differential inclusion in the city. the first part of the paper examines practices of embedded activism in health and education encounters, while the second part explores affect�s influence on the protest sensibility in urban movements against mandatory detention. the paper furthers understandings of the embodied and affective dimensions of hospitality in social justice work performed in urban spaces.
10. title: sydney as �sinoburbia�: patterns of diversification across emerging chinese ethnoburbs
authors: shanthi robertson, alexandra wong, christina ho, ien ang, phillip mar
abstract: �chinese sydney� has shifted away from its inner-city chinatown towards new residential suburban concentrations with varied histories of progressive diversification. in some of these suburbs, where 40% or more of residents report chinese heritage, older generations of diaspora chinese intermingle with a substantial recent wave of china-born middle-class professionals � often distinguished as the �new chinese�. this paper situates the localised, internal diversities of the modern arrival city within the geo-political conditions, urban development strategies and migration patterns that shape sydney�s chinese ethnoburbs (or �sinoburbs�). drawing on demographic analysis, site mapping of local infrastructure and site observations, we trace changing demographics and patterns of suburban development within three different case study suburbs. in doing so, we elucidate some emerging lines of inquiry that challenge the extant focus in both enclave and ethnoburb models of urban ethnic concentration and suggest a number of new interventions to future research on emerging sinoburbia localities both in australia and elsewhere.
11. title: metrolingual multitasking and differential inclusion: singapore�s chinese languages in shared spaces
authors: junjia ye, justin p. kwan, jean michel montsion
abstract: arrival cities are defined through migration-led diversification that structures integration, notably through everyday language practices. in singapore�s multilingual landscape, we find hints of historical waves of migrants from southern china speaking cantonese, hakka, hokkien and teochew and the recent contributions of new migrants from mainland china. in light of the work of pennycook and otsuji, this article explores how the norms of metrolingual multitasking � of adaptation through language � structure differential inclusion in singapore through banal and commonplace interactions in shared spaces, such as markets. by focusing on historically situated linguistic scripts of inclusion and exclusion in the city-state, we contrast the linguistic adaptations of older and newer arrivals to show how integration is continuously constituted through the differential inclusion of new arrivals. based on a series of interviews, we shed light on how metrolingual multitasking, as praxis of differential inclusion, sets up the normative framework for the coexistence of various linguistic forms and resources, whether recognised officially or not, and their use in creative ways for pragmatic communication in completing daily tasks. in this context, the norms of metrolingual multitasking reveal an overall sense of ordinary coexistence in living with such diversity as a requirement for successful integration, despite necessary instances of differential treatment and exclusionary practices, including a refusal to engage with difference.
12. title: arrival cities and the mobility of concepts
authors: helen f wilson
abstract: the status of any arrival city is far from stable, being continuously reworked by state policy, geopolitics, economic fluctuations or localised events that rupture or destabilise what came before. the diversifications and differential inclusions that are examined in this special issue attest to the complexities of arrival cities, where the very nature of �arrival� is open to interpretation and subject to diverse temporal experiences and migration regimes. by approaching the concept of �arrival city� as a heuristic and moving between the literal and figurative realms of mobility, i draw out some of the core contributions of migrant-led diversification and differential inclusion in arrival cities across asia-pacific. this includes: the notion of arrival; temporal geographies and the experience of transience and non-linearity; and the geographies of intimacy and encounter.
!# ,./01��ʹ�ʨ�ʅteve1&h�"�h�"�5�cjojqj^jajo( h �5�cjojqj^jajo(h �5�cjojqj^jajh
2e5�cjojqj^jaj h�t�5�cjojqj^jajo(#h�t�h�t�5�cjojqj^jaj h]y<5�cjojqj^jajo( h��5�cjojqj^jajo( h�1�5�cjojqj^jajo(#h�"�h�"�5�cjojqj^jaj h$-�5�cjojqj^jajo(#h�a"h�a"5�cjojqj^jaj123�����_`:yz�"
$$v$�$q r ������������������������gd�psgd)w�gd$?�gdto�gd�l$gd%j,gdu<�gd�"�$a$gdt4124=������������������������ܶωܛ��uh�zhl���3�\`�?�/�[���g��\�!�-�rk.�s�ի�..���a濭?��pk!�֧��6_rels/.rels���j�0���}q��%v/��c/�}�(h"���o�
������=������ ����c?�h�v=��ʌ��%[xp��{۵_�pѣ<�1�h�0���o�r�bd���je�4b$��q_����6l��r�7`�������0̞o��,�en7�li�b��/�s���e��е������pk!ky���theme/theme/thememanager.xml�m
� @�}�w��7c�(eb�ˮ��c�aǡҟ����7��՛k
y,�
�e�.���|,���h�,l����xɴ��i�sq}#ր���� ֵ �!�,�^�$j=�gw���)�e� &
8���pk!�m�qtheme/theme/theme1.xml�ymoe�#�f{oc'vgu�رh�f�[��x=ޝzvg53n�j�hh��z����z $ʯi)*e�_�����n�&ia�!��>��ǽ3�x�n��>���u�wl0�č߫�߿z��}rx���{���h9t�8�t/���χ�?����xy����'�~���3s����~����o_|w��)��ӈht��=�a� ��d ng�1-rlɓ�1�rj�wt蠯m1k����"�o
he�˓ێ½pl-�|%����e��hy7�'qp.\l��=���d�q�ķ3i�ofi�����.ñ���b�rb�-j��p_p�g
ݢ��i�k�t�dӌh�f�i��o�7;7q��2��ⱦ�����d�>a�/��q�>�x��w�
˔�m�_�u��h�q�)�h���� :vi�w�4r�b�qϫ��"r���!��2l��a��c�b��u|����!8^8�>�ܠ���,a���б�v�t����~ls���14��_=,ɬ��otv �g��"�ѧ��bh�����'�.�4��x�w-��ϸ�e�|�f;��v��`�b3"g'�e����\�fh��o�������'�$��i_wp��� �>�*�8���i&�ly%\���,���xҕ=������������r6f� ��3���t�ʅ�)��:ªz�k��l�s��&c�m��ܛ0� [�˫p@ע�`�j�۽7���y�h�xh�i��ct5a�r��@��h��zazc�}i' rq\m��,zo�,�gq�u{�y\,n���ר/�=����l_��.�̇y7c�6�-fs�h62��"��5�����nh�t[x�65̫4x�%y����ֳ2�f�kh����i~tckf#�b� �w�1m�|����4`��!�:u��!�p5a:�~�{4�m��m�i�o�ήc��8m��d�j�psǹ橠�v��1�����?#s�i�?3e�'ps�2���w`���q�b]( ��08���w���
n��a��[s��)k8�= aa?r� dڒɾc�uӽ˲d)#�queb��}������c!���&i0����>�4��s�7���{���z��f�}�4��skvukoȳ��h�~1�jyu���v�h��5u8�vk;֜���l9��ű�d �� ��?*|fl�
�����"��a3����>g��]��dm2ivֵ�褽�m�g<��r�8[kv�x����p�sj�,��z��][�j�����qv�1�1�iu���-�ߟ0%m2�oj���3u�o%ҍ���pk!
ѐ��'theme/theme/_rels/thememanager.xml.rels��m
�0���wooӻ�&݈э���5
6?$q��
�,.�a��i����c2�1h�:�q��m��@rn��;d�`��o7�g�k(m&$r(.1�r'j��њt���8��v�"��aȼ�h�u}��|�$�b{��p����8�g/]�qasم(����#��l�[������pk-!����[content_types].xmlpk-!�֧��6 _rels/.relspk-!ky���theme/theme/thememanager.xmlpk-!�m�q�theme/theme/theme1.xmlpk-!
ѐ��'� theme/theme/_rels/thememanager.xml.relspk]�
�hn���� 1x$� &7)=�a�f�p�p) ,-.012346r )m�p*/5�@� @���������h ��0�( �
����0�( �
��b
�s���� ?�������lt����]h
5afsx d
��0
=
"������������18yh��'<kgqh o �!�!d"k"�"�"�#�#�#�#�%�%�&�&�'�'=(i(�)�)&*0*� � 1,;,<,f,�-�-c.n.�./]/q/11^1k1�34�4�4�4�4�5�5�5�5�5�5�5�5�6�6$9.9e9o9y9�9�9�9�9�9�9�9�:�:;�;/<9<?<h<�=�=�=>@>l>�>�>�>�>�?�?@
@e@n@s@y@�@�@�b�bicsc�c�c�e�e�e�e�h�h�h�h�h�h�h�h�h���%�%�1�1n3y3hh�h�h�h�h�h�h�h�h�h33333�h�h�h�h�h�h�h�h�h!#,.033=������������'^``j9dxzz����!, uvv����p#q#q#r#r#\#�#�#�#�#h'j'j't'�'�'
(($/&/&/0/�/�/�/�/555)55�5�5�5�5�59999o9p9p9y9�9�93>4>4>5>5>@>�>�>�>�>�>�>�d�d�d�d(e2e@eke�h�h��4�q04e��n[g],-�o�����`<|��o";0ri1�%�rrsui��w�i�={u�,� uz*�m� ����� xr=��-9h�s��eme�.~��
{r�v�4�1l2q �"�iaha��og>�u��`�1_%v��nh{��q��u�3�d]-�z:kkkkn;�q0�<�?*�7��:a��^bb*[� �l{��2h�(�#!�q��m4-cqrrs�4>�p]�sao-�?��yn�b~i�(��)ib��>!]�.�`
rv:g&>!��}n!�l��2�"�0r��\�|�md-%;�blrbr]�a
6ji� ��vj�`�[jo 5j90�ry �:[�
k 3q-r�jx 8i� �f� tp� k�|�2~�
��y��k�
?i��� *�?=��#??*�@�4le�dw"
���z�g�kd�2�^e�-h�x�w��t�bs &�x�-z�y��w�i�>�:-��u
kkkkdw"
q�x�-h�
k^r�
�^�vxb�
�=#�/y�pur ����
��'ff�x�e��� x�l�vg_\x-z�d�y�(��)fk{z��fv��-�p�'�e��4�!~q�2h`�?i��be��@��fk-<"��l�q�u��y/�x{��]^�~76=&����`
[� ��rh&<�^��oc!��drz{�/�"���[��h�2��d���t��w�8i� (f�tl(����}�t�a9�~�8��7l���$�4�";�g)n��p7v}g�xd|��&�h�w�a�g�b�u�d\*�)#jb�l�d�
)r�}��w�gl$l��r�qh� v���/xcz.�^m~;�|p%�fzps7l�ps�#���<>)��s��vj��h5h 5� a�l[�x� xcz�be�yfdxl�y��raj>�n�cr%v��' uh�a9�� !`��}<�q�}q =�7y]��r�-��.��zf�7��
�e�o[kh,~�hmpm~�mg�=�j��>m�?[%��'w�jo8�l�y2\gqwez ��p]74�`a��m�!�|z��z:�*��b!�g;cq�qq�h�nk^r a�x�t
an�gap�y8��x���s��d���z��j�vzq��t\
~��av'po�_m4�i�w��tkpb�`
rq1��yn�pur �p}��� urep�&>!�z[fxx)!�b!x{�ec!�t�k��oc!�v�>b(p!� ]!�3�l��!nr�q�m�!�j#�g-�!�f�d�[z"�u&z�6'�"�zy�q �"ji�_��m�"� ]!�&�"�)��/�"|z�s\�"=v�g��~#�)9~��k#�� �i3#�#?�=#�i\;�j#p%�sh�#���2k�#�|�#ry �ps�#pb��9�#�sa�d $��yj!4$�`�%�qg$�ep$�"e<@v�$:*�$�[��p�$�]'��?[>�?z]%�`�%vd�i1�%�lyk-,�%�,�=��l�%�z�@�x�%�!0��e&poq�bs &{p#&�b*&t�(6=&�'w�rh&2\�qp&nyvc��t�&��&�]'�ep$�tw�'~d:(�r�'�kl��>�'��5�l�'�taz��w(r�@�~d:(�_(it~tl(�x�,�dm�(�t�(�pi�(��]�a#�(�j�`�<>)^e��w)!,�f���)�l�%��)mq{�"*�^�i��le*^l�x�ne*n9���*y�mx�^�*�:8t��[? r8q �v ��o�(s� qh� �`� q�f�a� y�mx�� {p���� �c,@�i��#,�dq[mk, @p�qb,�d&d��,�>m��x�,�{u�,�@�q>,-�m4-rt�h�fk-�r�-�j�n�2@�-�ggc���-x*�y���->o.-dt��t�.��z]�.�x��<}7/d|���y/ds}���/: o=tj�/0�u0{z�o�!0�ran 0gy|�5j90�$�}�;1�0��efw2
�z��>2"o�m�29!"e=p�2�w�2�f\�h�2n�~�w�3ui�� �3dj�u�3��x@�4�;�4�d5��p�4@l�5h 5�^b^�/-5
-a5�pv5�d5tw�'��5��5md-�b�5i�d��t�5��5�v�5
-a5�a
6�`d�#6ghch�81�6�&7��6�a�r!�6q1���@�6xx�6)1:t�&7�x�\]7a7vg_\x�~74\�7bd9t9x�7rzx=r�7��gr
f8c�]��jo8�~�8���8��b�n9?oi�yu9�4x�q�9�a:�kx_�s�:kkkk�3�:�!�q�o";�4mjjo;�i\;�%�|c;�q��viu;�ru�;�~7�[u�u�`fr>�>�'_�>�4xi�>r]��v�>lrb�mt?<#iq!{�?p[5=�tf�?�t�&�?�*��o-�?�mt?�s�?
u|3e�?�-x{�8�?�@}��*.}@��)��-�@�t�`�r�@g��z�@z]%hag;��:a�s6ay8���doahu�(�a�le*�&e�ana��.�an���a�$,&d]�l�d|1�q�i�dbl#ghe�\ex�>e�\��\e��ez�v�n�e�v ��'�e�#�c�hfs�]�=bdf�^^n��z[f�y���f�"�o w~g� l`�#�g�{9=��g=v�g�o�t�{s
h�-h�pv5p@h�og�ghch'\l��&�h�t�e�hoaq�!~q��y#%�q@gku�nr�q�q��qqg$�r)b;r�,�q��0hr�l��zwr�
{r;1�0��y{r�i�r�� �(u�r�$atxcs�#sw/�=fzps8ts)b;r��ts�#�g3%�s�{�s�;�4��g/t�4>�:8t�gn�bd9t]z[t� �m��td $�`�t�s��,!u�rdi�@gku�u0
g�u���uxcs>�uc;�rxyyv�d�^�v4�o�v;g�v�\ex�j$w�w�r�wy�mx�w�6�x�m�2:3�x�q�y���x�3�:��o�x�#s^l�x\<�jg�xq>,- q�x�}<��x_/,j�zy��t��`-y<myv��q�yv^mc���y<z�&xfk{z�kd
�zhp��[�enx�:[�=�^�`
[�0�[(>y��f\�?\i�(��y\y�mxvg_\�\�m��x�\~�f<1/�\�s���7y]�>aqs�]���c�]hv�i���]viu;�]^ph$^�^b^�`.�^it�^' ux�=�^�1_�kx_�a9�ji�_l{�� !`�qb,�� l`�y`� ��t�`�=�}�j�`�qq��u�`�>�`_m�t
a��&na[mk,�9a��q���a��5��>�asq�y�3j�a�zwr�a�t�3b@�z��)ib�u~b1�h��u�b�~#�%;�b@v�$03cd.�b�ggcg-�!�va�c�^����c(�a�u�c�0hr��#�c�j$wvd0q|�`d�d&d�@�m�f�d,-�zn�d�|�#�9!"e2k�#�g e�/e� *^ee����l\e�>e��eme�hgqwe�u
�t�edu�efd��&fji�,\f<}7/��zfs{tq�f3%�s!,�fqx{~�fxx�6�a�f6�f<z�bl#g�^blkqg�j9r��g8|k=�z�g�-9h�k�w�h?oi�u�<mebi�rdi�b*&��b~i�y{r4�i�`-y�^�ix�u�nf�i�~7djtj�/�tnjv,�j�8�?w�j�`�t�=�j�4�q\<�j�dk�g�tkkwk�t�5xzl!{�?�klv:g��3�l<|�<n�ly�mxie�lj l�^(m��k��.�mz*�ma�� �my�m�hn�y`�gn��!�g)nfr>��^^nv��,mn�kj>�nh#�n�gv'po�
���"�o��o�t�5x�"�o6gp�e�oh��.�o�r��v�omg���o]z[thptf�?(ap(s� @p�[? bep=r�7�c�p�qp&��dq�vzq� �<#iq�!�q� ���qq =��,�q�w�#!�q{s
h�4�q�a�f�l�q|1�q6s�~r�q3q-rie�l��j9r �3�c;�rn[g� �r�-�@��j`sy0�sb(p!��s{fm-dt�y�)1:to
�v�$at�6�x� 0w?0w?0w?0w?�.�t�/e��t(ap�}�t�o�t�u2�&xph$^�enx@�xrzx[�x,mnf�x&xn
�x�0�<�=.y6�f�� oyrgox*�y�x�u��yd]-sq�y7���yxl�y�t�.��y];yw��y�w��u&z�*n{��tazr=��whkzjx �.tzji��z@�z�.�o���z�`�o��%�z�q�wv{�nh{$,&d�*n{�s�?mq{
hr{��6�jbs{�-x{qx{�@�6m�{�d��0q|�~�vgy|��s�
u|�[|�w)�\�| w~g;�|�g ek�|�.�t�y>�|b�5�ds}xyyv�p}�r>�$�}dm�(�m�}j<�v��"�}vg_\x�=�}jbs{�q�}\
~�=�h,~03c��)9~whkzit~�;�~j{�~0�n�n�~l�s{t�<(>y\*�4e�z �j�{p�4\�7��(k�i����x��m�j�����[�<w�3`2 r� �p
j^�n�_ati�wb��.h j<sh�to>s�a"�r#�l$�}&�m'�m(�)%j,�6-�p.�i/�2�z2�y2'4t4.6�6*8;i8cj8�9]y<�e=k&>e!@jj@r7at[b�ec�nd�udvf0i4tj�kul�il%man.=o�%s�!xmkxgy�py�,z�^ro_�,a5a�7a�{agbhc
2e�%f�lf�qf�)gjmixj�ckalthllmnnm}on[r�ps0@ui1vywoxm8xicy]1{�x}�/�wt�8�mw��=��=��`�j�%-��1�'?�nj�k��9�l�.~�v�=h��j��~�du�� �=i�fj�to�4��m��2�)w���lz���c��t�7�u<�[��t��r������#����^�v��\�a�vi��w�|w�r����
�z���$?��
��!�s/��]����8��q�*��-��_�$-� s��f���><�:���'��r��c���7"����s�?5�����"�gl�bj�h��-���
��"�w�p� �2����y����e�`-�|��h�h�@��h�h���h�h�hx@��unknown������������g��*�ax� �times new roman5��symbol3.��*�cx� �arial7.���[ @�verdana;���(�[sosimsuna����$b�cambria math q��h�y�g�/�
�=%��
�=%�!-!),.:;?]}���� & 6"0000 00
00000��� ������=�@�\�]�^���([{� 0
000000��;�[����������2�h�h 3�q��hx��?�����������������������"�2!xx���userxmr�������oh�� '��0t������� ��
(4<dl�usernormal.dotmxmr47microsoft office word@�~@@��d�@�.�5��
�=����՜.�� ,��0�
x`t|�������microsoft�%�h
!"#$%&'()* ,-./01234567����9:;<=>?����abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz[\]^_`abcdefghijkl����nopqrst����vwxyz{|������������root entry�������� �f�k�5���data
������������81table����@�xworddocument����2nsummaryinformation(������������mdocumentsummaryinformation8��������ucompobj������������u��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������
���� �f#microsoft office word 97-2003 �ĵ�
msworddocword.document.8�9�q