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��ࡱ�>�� u �r��bjbj�n�n2��a��a`] ��""��8��}$�2rl��q�q�q�q�q�q�q$�s�tvf�q9��q��4�q��q��q��p�� .��yqr02r��v�f�v��2�v�v$�qn��q�q)��2r��v��"qs: public administration volume 100, issue 3, september 2022 1. title: consultancies in public administration authors: leonard seabrooke, ole jacob sending abstract: public administrations increasingly rely on consultancies to acquire policy knowledge, assess stakeholder dynamics, and evaluate governance systems. in this symposium, we explore the drivers and effects of this trend. consultants offer advisory services, articulate governance trends, provide technical and programming expertise, as well as evaluation functions. historically consultancies were introduced to public administrations to prevent market dominance and to respond to demands for specialized professional services. this relationship morphed into an expanded global market for a wide range of consultancy services that national and international administrations purchase. we explore how consultancies and public administrations interact through a discussion of task-setting based on recognition of: (i) what party can make claims to support a public ethos, (ii) what forms of expertise are most relevant for solving the problem, and (iii) status in who can best tackle uncertainties. 2. title: professional expertise in policy advisory systems: how administrators and consultants built behavioral insights in danish public agencies authors: jakob laage-thomsen abstract: recent work on consultants and academics in public policy has highlighted their transformational role. the paper traces how, in the absence of an explicit government strategy, external advisors establish different organizational arrangements to build behavioral insights in public agencies as a new form of administrative expertise. this variation shows the importance of the politico-administrative context within which external advisors exert influence. the focus on professional expertise adds to existing understandings of ideational compatibility in contemporary policy advisory systems. inspired by the sociology of professions, expertise is conceptualized as professionally constructed sets of diagnosis, inference, and treatment. the paper compares four danish governmental agencies since 2010, revealing the central roles external advisors play in facilitating new policy ideas and diffusing new forms of expertise. this has implications for how we think of administrative expertise in contemporary bureaucracies, and the role of external advisors in fostering new forms of expertise. 3. title: the management consultancy effect: demand inflation and its consequences in the sourcing of external knowledge authors: andrew j. sturdy, ian kirkpatrick, nuria reguera, antonio blanco-oliver, gianluca veronesi abstract: the growing use of external management consultancy services by public sector organizations has generated controversy. some claim that users have become overreliant on, or even addicted to, this source of knowledge. however, our understanding of this phenomenon and the precise nature of its risks is underdeveloped. in this article, we address these concerns by focusing on whether using consulting services inflates future demand and on its consequences for efficiency. this is examined in the context of the english national health service and the adoption of new public management practices such as outsourcing and private finance initiative contracting. based on an analysis of four years of data, the results suggest that using consulting services is associated with demand inflation and has negative implications for client organizational efficiency. these findings reveal a strong management consultancy effect, emphasizing the risks associated with demand inflation, with implications for both theory and policy. 4. title: how legal scholars facilitate tax avoidance: case study on the power of tax consultancy firms authors: santtu raitasuo, matti yl�nen abstract: social scientists have neglected the ways in which the consultancy assignments of legal scholars mediate private interests, even though their opinions provide important guidance in legal proceedings. through a case study from finland, we document a process where private tax advisory firms utilize their access to academic forums to defend their clients' interests. with further evidence on related dependencies, we trace a twofold process that amplifies the voice of tax advisors and suppresses public interest-related concerns. by achieving positions of trust in the academia, tax consultancy firms gain important gatekeeper roles that facilitate corporate-friendly research and subdue critical arguments. the findings challenge the conventional understanding of the dynamics of knowledge production and call for a greater attention to the pitfalls of the marketization of academic legal advice and scholarship. the national-level interpretative power of major tax advisory companies is also an important building block for international network power. 5. title: effective horizon management in transnational administration: bespoke and box-ticking consultancies in anti-money laundering authors: eleni tsingou abstract: efforts to combat global money laundering have established a transnational administrative regime that provides peer review mutual evaluations that are coordinated among national public administrations. led by the financial action task force, this regime encourages compliance with anti-money laundering (aml) standards to detect �effectiveness� in administrative capacity despite an absence of reliable data on money laundering activity. this article examines how national administrations engage different types of consultants in the preparation of mutual evaluations. i distinguish between the use of bespoke consultants who actively interpret effectiveness by wealthier countries, and �box-ticking� consultants from global professional service firms which developing countries are more reliant on. as such, the transnational administration of aml governance and its links to consultants reflects and reinforces global power asymmetries. wealthy countries can positively use consultants to manage their policy horizons, while developing countries are left with short-term compliance that is not aimed at building administrative capacity. 6. title: seeding the cloud: consultancy services in the nascent field of cyber capacity building authors: johann ole willers abstract: transnational issues in public administration are charged with coordination problems between public and private actors. this is especially true for nascent issue fields. the mitigation of global cyber risks represents one such emerging issue. international organizations have encouraged the development of cybersecurity strategies as an integral part of national security regimes and to strengthen the global security environment. cyber capacity building (ccb) efforts respond to these calls and disseminate digital risk management to recipient states. at a time where public administrations have not determined a position on ccb, global professional service firms have affirmed the importance of external third-party knowledge on cybersecurity issues. they are �seeding the cloud� to benefit from the field as it matures. through the application of the strategic action field framework, i highlight how field dynamics are shaped through framing contests and reflected in the practices of policy production. 7. title: gaming country rankings: consultancies as knowledge brokers for global benchmarks authors: andr� broome abstract: this article explores how for-profit consultancies mediate knowledge about global benchmarks in developing countries. drawing on the case of the ease of doing business rankings, published annually by the world bank and the international finance corporation between 2005 and 2019, it examines the role consultancies play as knowledge brokers connecting global benchmarks produced by intergovernmental organizations to regulatory reform programs undertaken by national public administrations. the article shows how consultancies contracted to implement business enabling environment projects by the united states agency for international development advised national policymakers on how to design reforms to improve their country's ranking status. lending weight to criticisms that shifts in country rankings are misleading as an indicator of changes in regulatory quality, the findings suggest that consultancies have leveraged benchmarks to perpetuate demand for their own expertise rather than to improve the evidence base for aid allocation and the evaluation of development projects. 8. title: ideas and crisis in policy and administration: existing links and research frontiers authors: adam hannah, erik baekkeskov, tamara tubakovic abstract: the study of ideas and crisis in public policy and administration has generated two literatures with shared interests, but often distinct approaches. in this symposium introduction, we argue that crisis studies and the �ideas school� have much to learn from each other. to facilitate cross-pollination, this article reviews key insights from the two literatures with relevance across the divide. in our view, crisis studies offer important parameters that can help realize some of the ambitions expressed in the ideas school, such as how different crises and crisis stages affect opportunities for institutional and policy change. similarly, ideational studies show new ways for crisis scholars to approach coherence in coordination among crisis actors, network information, and public communication. we conclude by assessing the contribution of the three symposium papers to drawing new links between the fields and suggest future avenues for research. 9. title: dramaturgy and crisis management: a third act authors: sarah ball, allan mcconnell, alastair stark abstract: dramaturgical perspectives have been used successfully in the past by crisis management researchers. however, previous contributions have been limited because they have been actor-centered, which has meant that they have tended to ignore the critical role that an audience can play in the drama of a crisis. this article therefore presents a �third act� in which dramaturgical perspectives are used to deliver an actor-and-audience centered analysis of crisis management. this third act is built around the dramaturgical concept of �characterization,� which we introduce to assess how an audience receives the symbolic outputs and discourses that are produced by crisis actors. after this theorizing, we present an analytical model, which will allow future researchers to analyze the interplay between actor, audience, and legitimacy when examining crisis. we conclude by illustrating the model's analytical capacity via an examination of the role of leaders and experts during the covid-19 pandemic. 10. title: neoliberalism and banking crisis bailouts: distant enemies or warring neighbors? authors: jeffrey m. chwieroth, andrew walter abstract: how should we understand proliferating government bailouts of financial firms in successive crises since the 1970s and the rise of neoliberal norms opposing such discretionary public assistance? we argue that the relationship between bailouts and neoliberalism is one of mutually reinforcing coexistence. first, a new �bailout coalition� including much of the middle class has emerged in many countries over the past century, pushing governments to deliver extensive bailouts in crises. second, many actors, including some within the bailout coalition, view neoliberal policy norms as a useful constraint on public assistance to other groups. this is especially visible during foreign crises. third, governments often manage these conflicting pressures via a strategy of institutional �conversion,� adapting institutions and rules associated with neoliberalism to new purposes. this has generated rising costs, including declining policy coherence, increasing financial fragility, and rising distributional and identity conflict. 11. title: the trump administration and the covid-19 crisis: exploring the warning-response problems and missed opportunities of a public health emergency authors: charles f. parker, eric k. stern abstract: this article examines the trump administration's inability to mount a timely and effective response to the covid-19 outbreak, despite ample warning. through an empirical exploration guided by three explanatory perspectives�psychological, bureau-organizational, and agenda-political�developed from the strategic surprise, public administration, and crisis management literature, the authors seek to shed light on the mechanisms that contributed to the underestimation of the coronavirus threat by the trump administration and the slow and mismanaged federal response. the analysis highlights the extent to which the factors identified by previous studies of policy surprise and failure in other security domains are relevant for health security. the paper concludes by addressing the crucial role of executive leadership as an underlying factor in all three perspectives and discussing why the us president is ultimately responsible for ensuring a healthy policy process to guard against the pathologies implicated in the federal government's sub-optimal response to the covid-19 crisis. 12. title: assessing the stability of fiscal attitudes: evidence from a survey experiment authors: kim-lee tuxhorn, john d'attoma, sven steinmo abstract: the literature on attitudes toward government budgets has been dominated by two distinct approaches, jointly studying both sides of the ledger (holistic approaches) and studying attitudes over spending and revenue separately (singular approaches). despite both approaches being widely adopted, scholars have given limited attention to testing empirically how methodological differences in the approaches may affect measures of fiscal attitudes and the inferences we draw from those measures. in this paper, we ask, �do the different approaches to studying the budget alter mass attitudes toward spending and taxes, and if so, how?� using data from an amazon mturk survey experiment, we find that spending choices differ significantly (attitude instability) across the two approaches. on the revenue side, our results show that choices over taxation tend to remain consistent and stable, regardless of whether the choices include only taxes or the combination of taxes and spending. 13. title: assessing public value failure in government adoption of artificial intelligence authors: daniel s. schiff, kaylyn jackson schiff, patrick pierson abstract: in the context of rising delegation of administrative discretion to advanced technologies, this study aims to quantitatively assess key public values that may be at risk when governments employ automated decision systems (ads). drawing on the public value failure framework coupled with experimental methodology, we address the need to measure and compare the salience of three such values�fairness, transparency, and human responsiveness. based on a preregistered design, we administer a survey experiment to 1460 american adults inspired by prominent ads applications in child welfare and criminal justice. the results provide clear causal evidence that certain public value failures associated with artificial intelligence have significant negative impacts on citizens' evaluations of government. we find substantial negative citizen reactions when fairness and transparency are not realized in the implementation of ads. these results transcend both policy context and political ideology and persist even when respondents are not themselves personally impacted. 14. title: involuntary backsourcing in the public sector: from conflict to collaboration authors: johan m. berlin, magnus jansson, david karlsson, eric d. carlstr�m abstract: the aim of this study is to contribute to the literature on how involuntary backsourcing in public organizations is performed in practice and how it affects the relationship between principal and agent. the study focuses on two questions: (1) which stages characterize the process when public contracts are involuntary terminated? (2) how does involuntary backsourcing affect the relationship between principal and agent during the transfer period? the study's case concerns public backsourcing in sweden, in particular, how a metropolitan municipality manages involuntary backsourcing. this study provides in-depth insights into backsourcing and its practice, as well as the degree to which the conflict dimension between the parties is affected. the study shows�paradoxically�that the relationship between principal and agent during the transition phase is characterized by dependence, mutual exchange of information, collaboration, and less conflict. the study contributes to developing the theory of backsourcing, particularly the behavior that is played out between principal and agent in the transition stage. the findings identify the need for public organizations which make outsourcing decisions to have contingency plans for bringing operations back in-house. 15. title: seeking the spotlight: how reputational considerations shape the european court of auditor's shifting account-holding role authors: benjamin tid� abstract: the behavior of account-holders has been a blind spot in the accountability literature. relatively little is known about why account-holders prioritize certain aspects of their account-holding mandates and emphasize certain account-holding tasks over others. a reputational perspective has the potential to fill this knowledge gap. this article illustrates how reputational considerations shape the ways in which account-holders manage their account-holding roles through a critical case study of the european court of auditor's shifting focus toward a more salient account-holding role. amid concerns about a lack of visibility, generating audience attention is found to be a central characteristic of this shift. the study demonstrates how reputational strategies for managing account-holding roles depend on the reputational threats and audience expectations that account-holders face in their environments. with a lack of visibility being a pressing reputational threat, the european court of auditors is accordingly shifting its account-holding focus toward the spotlight. 16. title: dissecting multiple accountabilities: a problem of multiple forums or of conflicting demands? authors: marija aleksovska, thomas schillemans abstract: the necessity for public sector actors to manage multiple accountabilities in their work has been linked to a number of problems and failures, yet we lack an understanding of how multiple accountabilities affect the decision-making behavior of civil servants. here we argue that the main issue is not only the existence of multiple forums as such but the presence of conflicting demands between multiple forums or within a single forum. drawing on sociopsychological research, we develop hypotheses regarding two types of behavioral strategies (high-effort and low-effort) to cope with accountability pressures. we test this using a realistic vignette experiment on a sample of 270 dutch regulators. results show that both the multiplicity of forums and the conflict of demands affect the likelihood that regulators seek help and procrastinate. the main issue is the conflicting demands that have a stronger effect on behavior than forum multiplicity. 17. title: legislative influence on administrative decision making in pennsylvania's abandoned and orphan well plugging program authors: in sik bang, gary e. hollibaugh jr. abstract: to what extent are elected legislators able to influence administrative decision making? recent research has been divided on this question, with some studies suggesting legislators are effectively unable to influence administrative outcomes, whereas others suggesting influence is common. here, we examine this question in the context of pennsylvania's abandoned and orphan well plugging program (wpp). despite the wpp using objective evaluative criteria to prioritize which abandoned and orphan oil and gas wells should be plugged before others, our results suggest legislators are able to influence the wpp's decisions. specifically, we find that wells are plugged more quickly when the districts in which they are located are represented by (a) more experienced legislators, (b) legislators who sit on the state house or senate environmental resources and energy committees, and (c) more liberal/democratic legislators. these results have implications for those interested and involved in the legislative-administrative nexus. 18. title: broadcasting good news and learning from bad news: experimental evidence on public managers' performance information use authors: maria f. mikkelsen, niels b. g. petersen, bente bj�rnholt abstract: this article argues and shows that performance narratives affect how and for what purposes managers use performance information independently of other known drivers of performance information use, such as the external environment and individual intra- and interorganizational characteristics. using a survey experiment on 514 danish public school managers, we find an asymmetrical effect of �decline narratives� (declining performance) and �increase narratives� (improving performance). in line with expectations drawing on literature on negativity bias and blame-avoidance, we find that �decline narratives� lead to higher internal use (learning and control purposes) of performance information. in contrast, �increase narratives� lead to higher external use (giving account and building support purposes) of performance information. further exploratory analysis suggests that internal use is not affected by narratives when managers are skeptical of the performance measure. more skeptical managers are, however, willing to use performance information with an �increase narrative� for external use. 19. title: a replication of �an experimental test of the expectancy-disconfirmation theory of citizen satisfaction� authors: wenna chen, binzizi dong, chih-wei hsieh, m. jin lee, ning liu, richard m. walker, yao wang, bo wen, wen wen, peiyi wu, xia wu, jiasheng zhang abstract: to better understand citizen satisfaction with public services, public administration research has adopted the expectancy-disconfirmation model in recent years. this model proposes that satisfaction is a function of perceived performance and expectations. recent quantitative and experimental studies of the expectancy-disconfirmation model have supported the framework. however, few replications have been conducted and none outside western contexts. we conducted two narrow, robust experimental replications of van ryzin (2013, journal of policy analysis and management, 32(3), pp. 597�614) in the chinese cities of hong kong (in 2017) and shenzhen (in 2021). we found support for the findings reported in van ryzin (2013) and concluded that the expectancy-disconfirmation model holds promise in a variety of settings as a framework for measuring citizen satisfaction with public services. �nn/ffnċ� 20. title: title in english: introduction to public management: a citizen-centered state. mario waissbluth in collaboration with academics of the university of chile conecta, santiago, chile, isbn: 9789569328183, usd 21.00 authors: waleska tatiana mu�oz aravena abstract: the article reviews the book �introduction to public management: a citizen-centered state� by mario waissbluth. 21. title: potter, rachel augustine. bending the rules: procedural politicking in the bureaucracy. chicago, il: university of chicago press. 2019, 244 pages authors: carolina velandia hernandez abstract: () 479:;=eflmnv��ʻʻʩ��wobtm?t2thj�5�ojqj^jo(h�b�h�b�5�ojqj^jh�b�h�b�h�"�hu<�5�ojqj^jh�ud5�ojqj^jo(h�"�h�"�o(&h�"�h�"�5�cjojqj^jajo(h�n�5�cjojqj^jajh 2e5�cjojqj^jaj#h�b�h�b�5�cjojqj^jajh�b�5�cjojqj^jaj#h�"�h�"�5�cjojqj^jaj h$-�5�cjojqj^jajo(#h�b�h�b�5�cjojqj^jaj:;<n�� < ��lst�./��l m ��gd�psgd)w�gd$?�gdto�gd�l$gd%j,gdu<�gd�"�$a$gdt4vw�� & ' : ; < e f 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